| Ingredient | Amount | % DV% Daily Value — how much of the recommended daily intake one serving provides, based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 100% = full daily need. Values over 100% are common for water-soluble vitamins (B, C) and generally safe. Values over 200% are highlighted. |
|---|---|---|
| Niacin | 16 mg | 100% |
| Vitamin B6 | 4 mg | 235% |
| Vitamin B12 | 8 mcg | 333% |
| Magnesium | 9 mg | 2% |
| Bacopa Extract | 200 mg | — |
| Green Tea Leaf Extract | 115 mg | — |
| Alpha-Glyceryl Phosphoryl Choline | 100 mg | — |
| L-Theanine | 75 mg | — |
| Rhodiola rosea | 70 mg | — |
| Acetyl-L-Carnitine | 70 mg | — |
| L-Citrulline DL-Malate | 30 mg | — |
| L-Tyrosine | 25 mg | — |
| Artichoke Leaf Extract | 25 mg | — |
| Ginkgo biloba Leaf Extract | 40 mg | — |
| Huperzine A | 300 mcg | — |
Other ingredients: Vegetable Capsule, Rice Flour
This score evaluates label quality — dosage disclosure, transparency, cleanliness of inactive ingredients, and formula composition. It does not measure clinical efficacy, bioavailability, or third-party testing. Read full methodology
Same category, higher SupplementScore. Based on dosage transparency, label cleanliness, and formula quality.
The research summaries below are about the ingredients in general, drawn from published studies that often use different doses, forms, and populations than this product. A "strong" evidence rating for an ingredient does not mean this product will produce that effect — studied doses may be significantly higher or lower than what is contained here. Always verify doses against the Supplement Facts table above.
May improve sleep quality, especially in older adults and those with low magnesium status.
60% of body magnesium is stored in bone. Essential for bone mineralization.
May reduce muscle cramps and support post-exercise recovery.
Essential for red blood cell formation. Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia, confirmed by decades of clinical evidence.
Involved in myelin synthesis and nerve function. Adequate B12 status supports neurological health, particularly in older adults and vegans.
Cofactor in energy production pathways, but supplementation only helps if deficient.
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Alternatives are selected from the same category (B Vitamins) with a higher overall score. This is not a recommendation — always verify ingredients and dosages match your needs.
Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis including serotonin and dopamine. Cofactor for over 100 enzyme reactions.
B6 is a cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway, converting homocysteine to cysteine. This is a separate pathway from the B12/folate remethylation route.
At pharmacological doses (1500-3000mg), niacin may improve HDL cholesterol. This effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.
Essential coenzyme (NAD/NADP) in hundreds of metabolic reactions.