| Ingredient | Amount | % DV% Daily Value — how much of the recommended daily intake one serving provides, based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 100% = full daily need. Values over 100% are common for water-soluble vitamins (B, C) and generally safe. Values over 200% are highlighted. |
|---|---|---|
| Vitamin A | 2500 IU | 50% |
| Vitamin C | 250 mg | 416% |
| Vitamin D | 100 IU | 25% |
| Vitamin E | 15 IU | 50% |
| Vitamin B1 | 7.5 mg | 500% |
| Vitamin B2 | 7.5 mg | 441% |
| Niacinamide | 15 mg | 75% |
| Vitamin B6 | 250 mg | 12500% |
| Folinic Acid | 200 mcg | 50% |
| Vitamin B12 | 5 mcg | 83% |
| Biotin | 50 mcg | 16% |
| Pantothenic Acid | 10 mg | 100% |
| Iodine | 50 mcg | 33% |
| Magnesium | 125 mg | 31% |
| Zinc | 5 mg | 33% |
| Selenium | 25 mcg | 35% |
| Manganese | 750 mcg | 21% |
Other ingredients: Fructose, Ascorbic Acid, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Magnesium Oxide, Magnesium Glycinate, Silicon Dioxide, Vitamin E Acetate, Citric Acid, Magnesium Citrate, Zinc Citrate, Niacinamide, Calcium D-Pantothenate, Thiamine Mononitrate, Riboflavin, Vitamin A Acetate, Biotin, Manganese Citrate, Selenium Chelate, Sodium Ascorbate, Vitamin D3, Cyanocobalamin, Calcium Folinate, Potassium Iodide
This score evaluates label quality — dosage disclosure, transparency, cleanliness of inactive ingredients, and formula composition. It does not measure clinical efficacy, bioavailability, or third-party testing. Read full methodology
Same category, higher SupplementScore. Based on dosage transparency, label cleanliness, and formula quality.
The research summaries below are about the ingredients in general, drawn from published studies that often use different doses, forms, and populations than this product. A "strong" evidence rating for an ingredient does not mean this product will produce that effect — studied doses may be significantly higher or lower than what is contained here. Always verify doses against the Supplement Facts table above.
Essential for rhodopsin production in the retina. Deficiency causes night blindness — one of the earliest recognized nutritional deficiencies.
Critical role in maintaining mucosal barriers and immune cell function.
Zinc is a cofactor for over 300 enzymes involved in immune cell development and function. Supplementation may reduce duration of common cold symptoms, particularly as lozenges. Essential for maintaining immune barrier integrity.
Essential for skin integrity and wound repair processes.
May improve sleep quality, especially in older adults and those with low magnesium status.
60% of body magnesium is stored in bone. Essential for bone mineralization.
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All scores are algorithmically generated from publicly available label data (NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database) and reflect label quality — not clinical efficacy, safety, or product quality. This page is not affiliated with or endorsed by Kirkman. If you represent this brand and believe any information is inaccurate, please contact us for a correction. Read full methodology
Alternatives are selected from the same category (Vitamin C) with a higher overall score. This is not a recommendation — always verify ingredients and dosages match your needs.
May reduce muscle cramps and support post-exercise recovery.
Essential for red blood cell formation. Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia, confirmed by decades of clinical evidence.
Involved in myelin synthesis and nerve function. Adequate B12 status supports neurological health, particularly in older adults and vegans.
Cofactor in energy production pathways, but supplementation only helps if deficient.
Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis including serotonin and dopamine. Cofactor for over 100 enzyme reactions.
B6 is a cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway, converting homocysteine to cysteine. This is a separate pathway from the B12/folate remethylation route.
Supports immune cell function. Regular supplementation may modestly reduce cold duration, but does not prevent colds.
Potent water-soluble antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage.
Essential cofactor for enzymes involved in collagen production.
Protects polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes from oxidation.
May help protect skin from UV damage when combined with vitamin C.
Limited evidence. May help in cases of biotin deficiency but most people get adequate amounts from diet.
Essential cofactor for carboxylases involved in gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and amino acid catabolism.
Essential for calcium absorption. Deficiency leads to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults — a well-established causal relationship.
May reduce risk of respiratory infections. Active area of research.
Some association between low vitamin D levels and depression, but evidence is inconsistent.
Essential cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase and other enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism.
At pharmacological doses (1500-3000mg), niacin may improve HDL cholesterol. This effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.
Essential coenzyme (NAD/NADP) in hundreds of metabolic reactions.
At 400mg/day (far above RDA of 1.3mg), riboflavin may reduce migraine frequency. Effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.